New energy automobile motor industry chain motor, electronic control

Motor: It is expected that permanent magnet motor will become the mainstream of domestic new energy vehicle motor

At present, electric vehicles on the market are mainly equipped with AC induction motor and permanent magnet motor. The former is widely used in Europe and The United States, characterized by low cost, small speed range and low efficiency. Which is popular with Japanese, speed range and efficiency are improved, but need to use expensive rare earth permanent magnet ndfeb, resource-poor Japan, in the face of rising prices, Japan is the potential development of switched reluctance motor, the motor on the performance is not loss to the permanent magnet motor, it is important to get rid of the dependence on rare earths.

At present, permanent magnet synchronous motor is used in most electric cars in China, such as hybrid cars produced by Dongfeng, Chery, Chang 'an, FAW and SAIC, etc., while ac motor is used in most buses. The use of dc motors in modern high performance cars is declining, but there are still some cars in use. Some enterprises have used switched reluctance motor as driving motor, such as dongfeng Motor Co., LTD., which developed hybrid urban buses using air-cooled switched reluctance motor. It is expected that permanent magnet motors will occupy the motor market of new energy vehicles for a long time due to China's extremely rich reserves of rare earths and its motor technology approaching the world's advanced level.

Motor components: emphasis on cost and stable supply

The motor is mainly composed of stator and rotor. The rotor's main function is to generate a rotating magnetic field, while the stator's main function is to be linearly cut by magnetic forces in the rotating magnetic field to generate and output current. The quality and performance of stator and rotor core directly determine the performance, energy efficiency, stability and other key indexes of motor.

From the market capacity of the calculation, the automobile motor is divided into motor generator and micro - special motor. Under normal circumstances, a car is equipped with an automobile generator and a number of micro-motors (15 on average). Within the service life of a car, an average of two power-generating rotors and 2.75 micro-motors need to be replaced. Based on this calculation, we predict that the global number of motor generator stator and rotor motors for automobiles from 2011 to 2013 will be 165 million, 174 million and 176 million, and the number of motor rotor motors for automobiles will be 3.14 billion, 3.21 billion and 3.14 billion.

At present, the competitive pattern of motor stator and rotor industry mainly presents the co-existence of public procurement by motor manufacturers and self-supporting. At present, the motor stator and rotor supplied by the motor enterprise itself still accounts for a considerable proportion. In the future, with the deepening of specialized division of labor, motor stator and rotor will be provided by more specialized manufacturers.

Motor control: IGBT has great room for import substitution

The motor drive control system determines whether the new energy vehicle can run safely and reliably and is the core of the drive system. The development of electronic control system includes software and hardware design. The core software is generally developed by oEMS, and the hardware and underlying driver software can be provided by auto parts manufacturers.

The motor control system is mainly composed of inverter (the main component is IGBT power module), inverter driver, power supply module, central control module, soft starting module, protection module and heat dissipation system signal detection module, among which IGBT accounts for 40-50% of the whole controller cost. At present IGBT has not been able to domestic, for foreign monopoly. The inverters for electric vehicles are mainly produced by foreign companies such as Toyota Industries, Mitsubishi, Meidensha, Nichicon, Nissan, Magna, Toshiba, Bosch, etc., and domestic technologies need to be further improved. Some other key components, such as high-performance silicon steel sheet and insulation materials, are also mainly dependent on imports. If domestic technological breakthroughs are achieved, the market space will be huge.